Central Retina Artery Occlusion is a condition where the artery supplying the retina is blocked. This can happen from blood clotting within the vessel, or most commonly from a cholesterol plaque. The result is damage to the retinal tissue and severe vision loss...

Central Serous Retinopathy (CSR) is also known as central serous chorioretinopathy. This condition can cause objects to look smaller in one eye, mild central visual blur, color distortions, and changes in glasses prescription. This condition is most commonly described in middle aged males, but newer studies suggest the gender difference is decreasing....

Diabetes is a systemic disease that effects many parts of the body. The eye is one of the most commonly damaged sites in the body in patients with diabetes. Anyone with Diabetes Type 2, and those with Diabetes Type 1 for more than 5 years, should have dilated eye exams with a qualified specialist at least once a year. If there are signs of damage on exam...

An epiretinal membrane, or "ERM" forms when a few cells lay down on the retinal surface, then multiply and contract. This condition is also known as "macular pucker" and "cellophane retinopathy." In some patients, this condition progresses to visual significance. It can cause wavy vision (metamorphosia) and blurred vision. When a patient is sufficiently bothered by the visual deterioration, a surgery called vitrectomy is performed...

Eye floaters are small pieces of debris that float in the eye’s vitreous humor. The debris casts shadows onto the retina (the light sensitive layer at the back of the eye). If you have eye floaters, it is these shadows that you see “floating” across your field of vision...

During standard cataract surgery, a synthetic intraocular lens (IOL) is placed in the eye to focus light on the retina. Sometimes after trauma, or spontaneously, this lens can shift out of place. This can lead to blurred or distorted vision...

Lattice Retinal Degeneration is a condition where the vitreous gel (mostly-clear gel-like fill of the eye) is very firmly stuck to the retina, and there is resulting thinning of the retina in these places. Lattice degeneration increases the risk of retinal tears and retinal detachments...

Age Related Macular Degeneration is a chronic disease that can have a sudden impact on vision. Commonly, this condition is initially mild and undetected by a patient. The first clinical signs are usually drusen - collection of debris - in the macula (central retina). This is identified on exam and special imaging...

Macular Hole refers to a condition where a portion of the retina separates from itself. This leaves a gap where light is not sensed. When the macular hole is in the center, it results in loss of central vision. If it is very small, the vision may be mildly affected to the level of about 20/30...

Vitreous is he gel-like substances that fills the eye behind the lens and in front of the retina. It is like a balloon, normally clear and transparent, and the back wall of the vitreous is attached to the retina. A posterior vitreous detachment (PVD) is when the back wall of the vitreous gel...

Retinal detachments are a potentially vision threatening condition. Most often, retinal detachments occur when the vitreous gel separates from the retina (a natural age-related process), and tugs too strongly on the retina - creating a retinal tear (a pathological condition). Retinal tear(s) then allow fluid to track behind the retina, lifting it off the back...

Cataract surgery is one of the most commonly performed surgeries in the United States. It is generally a very safe procedure due to the extensive training and experience cataract surgeons must go through. Nonetheless, there are potential complications mostly due to...

A tear in the retina usually happens when the vitreous gel tugs on the retina and lifts up a flap. This process can give the symptoms of flashing lights in the peripheral vision, the sensation of streaks of lighting, or visualization of floating spots or lines...

Retinal Vein Occlusions are divided in to Branch Retinal Vein Occlusions (“BRVO,” part of the retina) and Central Retinal Vein Occlusions (“CRVO,” all retinal veins affected). When this happens, there is slowed or temporarily-stopped blood flow in the retinal veins...

In Vitreomacular Traction Syndrome the vitreous gel is very firmly attached to the central retina (the macula) and with time it tugs on the macula. This causes distortion of the retinal contour and disrupts the normal communication between the cells and layers of the macula...